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- $Unique_ID{BRK03346}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{theophylline}
- $Subject{Accurbron Merrell Dow Aerolate Fleming Aquaphyllin Ferndale Asmalix
- Century Bronkodyl Breon Constant-T Geigy Elixomin Cenci Elixophyllin Berlex
- Lanophyllin Lannett Quibron-T Mead Johnson Respbid Boehringer Ingelheim
- Slo-bid Gyrocaps Rorer Slo-Phyllin Somophyllin-T Fisons Sustaire Pfipharmics
- Theo-24 Searle Theobid Glaxo Theochron Forest Theoclear Central Theo-Dur Key
- Theolair Riker Theon Bock Theospan Laser Theostat Theo-Time Major Theovent
- Schering Uniphyl Purdue Frederick Bronchodilator theophylline breathing
- problems wheezing shortness breath asthma bronchitis emphysema smooth muscle
- bronchial airways breathing tubes air passages}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{
- Theo-Dur*0334601.scf}
-
- Copyright (C) 1993 Publications International, Ltd.
-
-
- theophylline
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- BRAND NAMES (Manufacturers)
-
- Accurbron (Merrell Dow)
- Aerolate (Fleming)
- Aquaphyllin (Ferndale)
- Asmalix (Century)
- Bronkodyl (Breon)
- Constant-T (Geigy)
- Elixomin (Cenci)
- Elixophyllin (Berlex)
- Lanophyllin (Lannett)
- Quibron-T (Mead Johnson)
- Respbid (Boehringer Ingelheim)
- Slo-bid Gyrocaps (Rorer)
- Slo-Phyllin (Rorer)
- Somophyllin-T (Fisons)
- Sustaire (Pfipharmics)
- Theo-24 (Searle)
- Theobid (Glaxo)
- Theochron (Forest)
- Theoclear (Central)
- Theo-Dur (Key)
- Theolair (Riker)
- Theon (Bock)
- theophylline (various manufacturers)
- Theospan (Laser)
- Theostat (Laser)
- Theo-Time (Major)
- Theovent (Schering)
- Uniphyl (Purdue Frederick)
-
- TYPE OF DRUG
-
- Bronchodilator
-
- INGREDIENT
-
- theophylline
-
- DOSAGE FORMS
-
- Tablets (100 mg, 125 mg, 200 mg, 225 mg, 250 mg, and 300 mg)
- Capsules (100 mg, 200 mg, and 250 mg)
- Sustained-release tablets and capsules (50 mg, 60 mg, 65 mg, 75 mg, 100
- mg, 125 mg, 130 mg, 200 mg, 250 mg, 260 mg, 300 mg, 400 mg, and 500 mg)
- Oral liquid (80 mg, 150 mg, and 160 mg per 15-ml spoonful, some with
- alcohol of varying amounts, including 1%, 7.5%, and 20%)
- Oral suspension (300 mg per 15-ml spoonful)
-
- STORAGE
-
- Theophylline tablets, capsules, liquid, and suspension should be stored
- at room temperature. It should also be kept in tightly closed,
- light-resistant containers. This medication should never be frozen. Discard
- any outdated medication.
-
- USES
-
- Theophylline is prescribed to treat breathing problems (wheezing and
- shortness of breath) caused by asthma, bronchitis, or emphysema. It relaxes
- the smooth muscle of the bronchial airways (breathing tubes), which opens the
- air passages to the lungs and allows air to move in and out more easily.
-
- TREATMENT
-
- Theophylline should be taken on an empty stomach 30 to 60 minutes before
- a meal or two hours after a meal. If this medication causes stomach
- irritation, however, you can take it with food or with a full glass of water
- or milk (unless your doctor directs you to do otherwise).
- Antidiarrheal medications and some antacids prevent the absorption of
- theophylline from the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, at least one hour
- should separate doses of one of these medications and theophylline.
- The sustained-release tablets and capsules should be swallowed whole.
- Chewing, crushing, or crumbling the tablets or capsules destroys their
- sustained-release activity and possibly increases the side effects. If the
- tablet is scored for breaking, you can break it along these lines. If the
- regular capsules are too large to swallow, they can be opened and the contents
- mixed with jam, jelly, or applesauce. The mixture should then be swallowed
- without chewing.
- The theophylline sprinkle capsules can also be taken whole, or the
- capsule can be opened and the beads sprinkled on a spoonful of soft food, such
- as applesauce or pudding. The sprinkles should be swallowed immediately
- without chewing the beads. The contents of the capsule should not be
- subdivided in order to ensure equal doses.
- If you are using the suspension form of this medication, the bottle
- should be shaken well just before measuring each dose. The contents tend to
- settle on the bottom of the bottle, so it is necessary to shake the container
- to distribute the medication evenly and equalize the doses. Each dose of the
- oral liquid or suspension should be measured carefully with a 5-ml measuring
- spoon or a dose cup designed for that purpose. Ordinary kitchen spoons are
- not accurate enough to ensure that you receive the proper dose.
- Theophylline works best when the level of the medicine in your
- bloodstream is kept constant. It is best, therefore, to take it at evenly
- spaced intervals day and night. For example, if you are to take four doses a
- day, the doses should be spaced six hours apart. Try to take your medication
- at the same time(s) each day.
- Try not to miss any doses of this medication. If you do miss a dose,
- take the missed dose as soon as possible, unless it is almost time for the
- next dose. In that case, do not take the missed dose at all; just return to
- your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the next dose.
-
- SIDE EFFECTS
-
- Minor.
-
- Diarrhea, dizziness, flushing, headache, heartburn, increased urination,
- insomnia, irritability, loss of appetite, nausea, nervousness, stomach pain,
- or vomiting. These side effects should disappear as your body adjusts to the
- medication.
- If you feel dizzy or light-headed, sit or lie down for a while; get up
- slowly from a sitting or reclining position, and be careful on stairs.
-
- Major.
-
- Tell your doctor about any side effects that are persistent or
- particularly bothersome. IT IS ESPECIALLY IMPORTANT TO TELL YOUR DOCTOR about
- black, tarry stools; confusion; convulsions; difficulty in breathing;
- fainting; muscle twitches; palpitations; rash; severe abdominal pain; or
- unusual weakness.
-
- INTERACTIONS
-
- Theophylline interacts with several other types of drugs:
- 1. It can increase the diuretic effect of furosemide.
- 2. Concurrent use of reserpine and theophylline can cause a rapid heart
- rate.
- 3. Beta blockers (acebutolol, atenolol, betaxolol, carteolol, esmolol,
- labetalol, metoprolol, nadolol, penbutolol, pindolol, propranolol, or timolol)
- can decrease the effectiveness of theophylline.
- 4. Theophylline can increase the side effects of over-the-counter
- (nonprescription) sinus, cough, cold, asthma, allergy, and diet products;
- digoxin; and oral anticoagulants (blood thinners, such as warfarin).
- 5. Theophylline can decrease the effectiveness of phenytoin and lithium.
- 6. Phenobarbital, carbamazepine, and rifampin can increase the
- elimination of theophylline from the body, decreasing its effectiveness.
- 7. Cimetidine, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, norfloxacin, troleandomycin,
- oral contraceptives (birth control pills), allopurinol, and thiabendazole can
- decrease the elimination of theophylline from the body and increase its side
- effects.
- 8. Verapamil can cause an increase in the effects of theophylline.
- Before you start to take this medication, BE SURE TO TELL YOUR DOCTOR
- about any medications you are currently taking, especially any of those listed
- above.
-
- WARNINGS
-
- * Tell your doctor about unusual or allergic reactions you have had to
- any medications, especially to theophylline, aminophylline, caffeine,
- dyphylline, oxtriphylline, or theobromine.
- * Tell your doctor if you now have or if you have ever had an enlarged
- prostate gland, fibrocystic breast disease, heart disease, kidney disease, low
- or high blood pressure, liver disease, stomach ulcers, or thyroid disease.
- * Cigarette or marijuana smoking may affect this drug's action. BE SURE
- TO TELL YOUR DOCTOR if you smoke. Also, do not quit smoking without informing
- your doctor.
- * High fever, diarrhea, flu, and influenza vaccinations can affect the
- action of this drug. Therefore, be sure to tell your doctor if you experience
- any episodes of high fever or prolonged diarrhea while taking this drug.
- Before having any vaccinations, especially those to prevent the flu, BE SURE
- TO TELL YOUR DOCTOR that you are taking this medication.
- * Avoid drinking large amounts of caffeine-containing beverages (coffee,
- cocoa, tea, or cola drinks), and avoid eating large amounts of chocolate.
- These products may increase the side effects of theophylline.
- * Do not change your diet without first consulting your doctor. A
- high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet or char-broiled foods may affect the
- action of this drug.
- * Before having surgery or any other medical or dental treatment, be sure
- to tell your doctor or dentist that you are taking this medication.
- * Before taking any over-the-counter (nonprescription) asthma, allergy,
- cough, cold, sinus, or diet products, ask your doctor or pharmacist. These
- products may add to the side effects of theophylline.
- * Do not change brands or dosage forms of this medication without your
- doctor's permission. If your medication refill looks different, check with
- your doctor.
- * The elderly and young children may be more sensitive to the effects of
- theophylline.
- * Your doctor may require you to have periodic blood tests to be sure
- your medication is working properly.
- * Be sure to tell your doctor if you are pregnant. Although theophylline
- appears to be safe during pregnancy, extensive studies in humans have not been
- conducted. Also, tell your doctor if you are breast-feeding an infant. Small
- amounts of theophylline pass into breast milk and may cause irritability,
- fretfulness, or insomnia in nursing infants.
-
- ----------------
-
- The material contained here is "FOR INFORMATION ONLY" and should not replace
- the counsel and advice of your personal physician. Promptly consulting your
- doctor is the best path to a quick and successful resolution of any medical
- problem.
-